1. Q: How to select the right transformer capacity (kVA)?
A: Calculate total connected load power, add 20%-30% margin for overload/expansion; formula: kVA ≥ total load power (kW) / load power factor.
2. Q: What's the difference between copper and aluminum windings?
A: Copper has lower resistance, higher efficiency, better heat resistance and durability, but higher cost; aluminum is cheaper but requires larger cross-section for same current.
3. Q: Can a 50Hz transformer be used with 60Hz power, or vice versa?
A: Generally not recommended. Deviation in frequency will change core loss, impedance and cooling performance, possibly causing overheating or damage.
4. Q: Why does a transformer hum? How to reduce it?
A: Mainly from magnetostriction of the core under AC. Solutions: Use low-noise core materials, improve clamping, ensure no DC in windings, and proper installation.
5. Q: What are the main losses in a transformer?
A: Iron loss (hysteresis + eddy current, constant with load) and copper loss (winding resistance loss, load-dependent).
6. Q: How to handle transformer overheating?
A: First cut off load and power; check cooling system, ventilation, loose connections, overload or internal faults, then troubleshoot and repair.